Dynamics of Population and Secondary Productivity of Isognomon isognomum Clams (Bivalvia: Isognomonidae) in the Waters of Tapulaga Beach, Konawe
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Isognomon isognomum is a bivalve species widely harvested as a local food resource, yet its natural populations show signs of decline. This study aimed to estimate the secondary productivity of I. isognomum in the coastal waters of Tapulaga, Southeast Sulawesi. Field sampling was conducted from September 2024 to February 2025, yielding a total of 360 individuals. Shell length and total weight were measured using a caliper and an analytical balance, respectively. Ash-free dry mass (AFDM) was obtained by combusting dried tissues in a muffle furnace at 600°C for four hours. Density, growth, production, and biomass were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test, ELEFAN (FiSAT II), and standard ecological productivity formulas. Density analysis showed the highest abundance in December (14 ind/m²) and the lowest in January (9.78 ind/m²). The Mann–Whitney test (p < 0.05) indicated significant differences between December and January compared to other sampling months. Growth parameters revealed an asymptotic length (L∞) of 13.80 cm and a growth coefficient (K) of 0.71. The highest production occurred in the 6.9–7.8 cm size class, reaching 1,181.97 g AFDM/m²/year, while peak biomass (10,703.42 g AFDM/m²) was recorded in the 8.9–9.8 cm size class. The mean P/B ratio was 0.12/year, suggesting a low recovery potential for I. isognomum populations.
Keywords: Isognomon isognomum, secondary productivity, Tapulaga coast
ABSTRAK
Isognomon isognomum merupakan bivalvia yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai sumber pangan dan cenderung populasinya menurun di alam. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas sekunder kerang I. isognomum di perairan Pantai Tapulaga Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September 2024-Februari 2025. Jumlah sampel yang dikumpulkan selama penelitian sebanyak 360 individu. Sampel kerang diukur panjang cangkangnya dan beratnya masing-masing menggunakan jangka sorong, dan timbangan analitik. Massa kering bebas abu (MKBA) didapatkan dengan membakar daging kering menggunakan tanur selama 4 jam pada suhu 600°C. Data kepadatan, pertumbuhan, produksi dan biomassa masing-masing dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann Whitney, ELEFAN (FiSAT II), dan formula yang telah baku. Hasil analisis kepadatan menunjukkan kepadatan kerang I. isognomum tertinggi pada bulan Desember dan terendah pada bulan Januari dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 14 dan 9,78 ind/m2. Hasil uji Mann Whitney (p<0.05) menunjukkan ada perbedaan signifikan antara bulan Desember dan Januari dari bulan-bulan lainnya. Parameter pertumbuhan (panjang maksimum dan koefisien pertumbuhan) masing-masing sebesar L∞ = 13,80, dan K = 0,71. Produksi kerang tertinggi ditemukan pada ukuran 6,9-7,8 cm dengan nilai 1.181,97g mkba/m2/thn dan biomassa tertinggi ditemukan pada ukuran 8,9-9,8 cm sebesar 10.703,42 g mkba/m². Nilai rata-rata rasio P/B keseluruhan sebesar 0,12/tahun yang berarti bahwa kemampuan pulih kerang I. isognomum berada dalam kategori rendah.
Kata Kunci: Isognomon isognomum, Produktivitas sekunder, Pantai Tapulaga
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Abrahão, J. R., Cardoso, R. S., Yokoyama, L. Q., Amaral, A. C. Z. (2010). Population biology and secondary production of the stout razor clam Tagelus plebeius (Bivalvia, Solecurtidae) on a sandflat in southeastern Brazil. Zoologia (Curitiba), 27: 54–64. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702010000100009.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2010). Sulawesi Tenggara dalam Angka 2010. BPS Sultra, Kendari.
Bahtiar, B., Anadi, L., Nurgayah, W., Emiyarti, E. (2018). Dinamika populasi kerang pokea Batissa violacea var. celebensis von Martens 1897 di muara Sungai Lasolo Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 10(2): 301–315. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v10i2.24046.
Bahtiar, B., Permatahati, Y. I., Findra, M. N., Fekri, L. (2023). Production, biomass, and turnover of exploited mangrove clams (Geloina expansa, Mousson 1849) in Kendari Bay mangrove forest, Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia. BIO Web of Conferences, 74: 03009. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237403009.
Bahtiar. (2012). Studi Bioekologi dan Dinamika Populasi Pokea (Batissa violacea var. celebensis, von Martens 1897) Yang Tereksploitasi Sebagai Dasar Pengelolaan di Sungai Pohara Sulawesi Tenggara. Disertasi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. 140 hlm.
Barry, J. P., Whaling, P. J., Kochevar, R. K. (2007). Growth, production, and mortality of the chemosynthetic vesicomyid bivalve, Calyptogena kilmeri from cold seeps off central California. Marine Ecology, 28(1): 169–182. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0485.2007.00119.x.
Bayne, B. L. (2017). Biology of Oysters (Vol. 41). Academic Press.
Beukema, J. J., Dekker, R. (2022). Bottom‐up as well as top‐down processes govern zoobenthic secondary production in a tidal‐flat ecosystem. Limnology and Oceanography, 67(11): 2547–2556. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12221.
Cardoso, R., Veloso, V. (2003). Population dynamics and secondary production of the wedge clam Donax hanleyanus (Bivalvia: Donacidae) on a high-energy, subtropical beach of Brazil. Marine Biology, 142(1): 153–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-002-0926-2.
Casarini, L. M., Henriques, M. B. (2011). Stock estimate of brown mussel Perna perna and invasive bivalve Isognomon bicolor of natural beds from Santos Bay, São Paulo State, Brazil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 37(1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2011v37n1p1.
Chahouri, A., Yacoubi, B., Moukrim, A., Banaoui, A. (2023). Bivalve molluscs as bioindicators of multiple stressors in the marine environment: Recent advances. Continental Shelf Research, 264: 105056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2023.105056.
Erniati, E., Andika, Y., Imanullah, I., Imamshadiqin, I., Salmarika, S., Yulistia, E. D., Maulana, S. (2024). Keanekaragaman bivalvia di perairan Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Buletin Oseanografi Marina, 13(1): 52–62. https://doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v13i1.53099.
Gayanilo Jr, F. C., Sparre, P., Pauly, D. (2005). FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools II (FiSAT II). Revised version. User's Guide. FAO, Rome.
Ginting, E., Susetya, I. E., Patana, P. (2017). Identification of bivalvia in Tanjungbalai waters, North Sumatera Province. Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal, 4(1): 13–20. https://doi.org/10.29103/aa.v4i1.318.
Hartoko, A., Anindya, W. (2010). Oseanografi dan Sumberdaya Perikanan-Kelautan di Indonesia. Dirjen Dikti-Diknas.
Heilmayer, O., Brey, T., Storch, D., Mackensen, A., Arntz, W. E. (2004). Population dynamics and metabolism of Aequipecten opercularis (L.) from the Western English Channel (Roscoff, France). Journal of Sea Research, 52(1): 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2003.07.005.
Herrmann, M., Alfaya, J. E., Lepore, M. L., Penchaszadeh, P. E., Arntz, W. E. (2010). Population structure, growth and production of the yellow clam (Bivalvia: Mesodesmatidae) from a high-energy, temperate beach in northern Argentina. Helgoland Marine Research, 65(3): 285–297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10152-010-0222-3.
Kabir, M., Abolfathi, M., Hajimoradloo, A., Zahedi, S., Kathiresan, K., Goli, S. (2014). Effect of mangroves on distribution, diversity and abundance of molluscs in mangrove ecosystem: A review. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation, 7(4): 286–300.
Kandari, A. M., Kasim, S., Surya, R. A., Mando, L. O. A. S., Yasin, A., Hidayat, H., Pristya, T. Y. (2021). Perbaikan lingkungan dengan penanaman mangrove berbasis masyarakat untuk mendukung wisata pesisir Desa Tapulaga. Aksiologiya: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(1): 88–103. https://doi.org/10.30651/aks.v5i1.4046.
Kevrekidis, T., Kasapis, K., Kalpia, V. (2009). Life cycle, population dynamics, growth and production of Abra segmentum (Mollusca, Bivalvia) at low salinities in a Mediterranean lagoon. Helgoland Marine Research, 63(4): 277–285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10152-009-0155-x.
Kirby, M. X. (2004). Fishing down the coast: Historical expansion and collapse of oyster fisheries along continental margins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(35): 13096–13099. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0405150101.
Laudien, J., Brey, T., Arntz, W. E. (2003). Population structure, growth and production of the surf clam Donax serra (Bivalvia, Donacidae) on two Namibian sandy beaches. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 58: 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(03)00044-1.
Meriya, W., Bahtiar, B., Halili, H. (2024). Pola pertumbuhan dan faktor kondisi kerang coklat (Modiolus modulaides) di perairan Desa Tapulaga Kecamatan Soropia Kabupaten Konawe Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Perairan, 1(3): 13–25.
Ocaña, F. A. (2015). Growth and production of Donax striatus (Bivalvia: Donacidae) from Las Balsas beach, Gibara, Cuba. Revista de Biología Tropical, 63(3): 639–646. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v63i3.16242.
Ollard, I., Aldridge, D. C. (2023). Declines in freshwater mussel density, size and productivity in the River Thames over the past half century. Journal of Animal Ecology, 92(1): 112–123. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13835.
Ramirez, M. M., Paje, G. A., De Guzman, R. A., Tadeo, F. S., Aquino, M. M., Rojo, J. N. V., Reyes, A. T. (2025). Population density, biomass, secondary productivity, and length-weight relationship of mangrove clam Geloina expansa (Mousson, 1849) in a mangrove forest of Sto. Tomas, La Union, Philippines. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries, 29(1): 1313–1327. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2025.410079.
Sakila, N., Ramadhani, D. A., Suryati, A. (2018). Pertumbuhan dan struktur umur kerang kepah (Meretrix meretrix) di Kampung Nipah Desa Sei Nagalawan Kecamatan Perbaungan Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Journal of Marine and Aquatic Science, 4(2): 316–323. https://doi.org/10.24843/jmas.2018.v4.i02.316-323.
Savaria, S., Helena, S., Minsas, S. (2025). Keanekaragaman bivalvia di Pantai Pulau Datok Kecamatan Sukadana Kabupaten Kayong Utara. Jurnal Laut Khatulistiwa, 8(1): 35–46. https://doi.org/10.26418/lkuntan.v8i1.87912.
Setyobudiandi, I., Soekendarsih, E., Yonvitner, Y., Setiawati, R. (2004). Bio-ecologi kerang lamis (Meretrix meretrix) di perairan Marunda. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia, 11(1): 61–66. https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.11.1.61.
Silulu, P. F., Boneka, F. B., Mamangkey, G. F. (2013). Biodiversitas kerang oyster (Mollusca, Bivalvia) di daerah intertidal Halmahera Barat, Maluku Utara. Jurnal Ilmiah Platax, 1(2): 67–73. https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.1.2.2013.1247.
Sparre, P., Venema, S. C. (1999). Introduksi Pengkajian Stok Ikan Tropis, Buku 1: Manual. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perikanan, Jakarta.
Syahputri, N. K., Mashoreng, S., Haris, A., Rani, C., La Nafie, Y. A. (2023). Density and distribution patterns of full-blooded clam (Geloina expansa; Mousson, 1849) in mangrove ecosystems. Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan Spermonde, 9(1): 33–41. https://doi.org/10.20956/jiks.v9i1.19757.
Vaghela, A., Poonam, B., Kundu, R. (2013). Diversity and distribution of intertidal mollusca at Saurashtra coast of Arabia Sea, India. Environmental Science, Biology, 2(2): 154–158.
Van Der Meer, J., Beukema, J. J., Dekker, R. (2001). Long‐term variability in secondary production of an intertidal bivalve population is primarily a matter of recruitment variability. Journal of Animal Ecology, 70(1): 159–169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2001.00469.x.
Voultsiadou, E., Koutsoubas, D., Achparaki, M. (2009). Bivalve mollusc exploitation in Mediterranean coastal communities: An historical approach. Journal of Biological Research, 12: 1–11. https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.3.1.21.